BSc 6th sem physics 1 textbook
PHYSICS -VI
Elements of Condensed Matter & Nuclear Physics
Dr.D.S.Biradar
M.Sc,M.Phil,Ph.D
SYLLABUS
CHAPTER 1: CRYSTAL SYSTEMS
Crystal structure: Space lattice, Lattice translational vectors, Basis of crystal structure, Types of unit cells, Primitive, Non-primitive cells, Seven crystal systems, Coordination numbers, Miller indices, Expression for inter planner spacing.
CHAPTER 2: X-RAYS
Production and properties of X-ray Coolidge tube, Continuous and characteristic X-ray spectra, Moseley's law, X-ray diffraction, Scattering of X-rays, Bragg's law, Crystal diffraction, Bragg's X-ray spectrometer, Powder diffraction method, Intensity vs 20 plot (qualitative)
CHAPTER 3: FREE ELECTRON THEORY OF METALS
Classical free electron model (Drudge-Lorentz model), expression for electrical and thermal conductivity, Weidman-Franz law, failure of classical free electron theory, Quantum free electron theory, Fermi level and fermi energy, fermi-dirac distribution function (expression for probability distribution F(E) statement only); Fermi dirac distribution at T = 0 and E < E_{j} at T ne0 and E>E f' F(E) vs E plot at T = 0 and T ne0 Density of states for the (statement derivation). Qualitative discussion of lattice vibration and concept of phonons; specific heats of solids, classical theory, Einstein's and Debye's theory of specific heats, Hall effect in metals.
CHAPTER 4: MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Review of basic formulae: Magnetic intensity, Magnetic induction, Permeability, Magnetic susceptibility, Magnetization (M), Classification of Dia, para and ferromagnetic materials: Langevin classical theory of dia and Para magnetism, Curie's law, Ferromagnetism and ferromagnetic domains (qualitative), Discussion of B-H curve, Hysteresis and energy loss, Hard and soft magnetic materials.
CHAPTER 5: DIELECTRICS
Static dielectric constant, Polarizability (electronic, ionic and orientation), Calculation of Lorentz field (derivation), Clausius-Mosotti equation (derivation), Dielectric loss, Piezo electric effect, Cause, Examples and applications.
CHAPTER 6: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
28 Definition, Experimental results, Zero resistivity and critical temperature, The critical magnetic field - Meissner effect, Type I and Type II superconductors.
CHAPTER 7: GENERAL PROPERTIES OF NUCLEI.
Constituents of nucleus and their intrinsic properties, Quantitative facts about mass, Radii, Charge density (matter density), Binding energy, Main features of binding energy versus mass number curve, Angular momentum, Parity, Magnetic moment, Electric moments.
CHAPTER 8: RADIOACTIVITY DECAY
Radioactivity, Definition of radioactivity, Half life, Mean life, Radioactivity equilibrium (a) Alpha decay: basics of a-decay processes, Theory of a-emission (brief), Gamow factor, Geiger-Nuttall law (b) ẞ-decay: energy kinemics for ẞ-decay, Positron emission, Electron capture, Neutrino, Hypothesis, (c) Gamma decay: Gamma rays emission and kinematics, Internal conversion (Definition)
CHAPTER 9: INTERACTION OF NUCLEAR RADIATION WITH MATTER
Gamma ray interaction through matter photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, Pair production, Energy loss due to ionization (quantitative description of Bethe block formula), energy loss of electrons, Introduction of Cerenkov radiation.
CHAPTER 10: DETECTOR FOR NUCLEAR RADIATIONS
Gas detector: Estimation of electric field, Mobility of particle, for Ionization chamber and GM counter, Basic principle of Scintillation detectors and construction of photo- multiplier tube (PMT), Semiconductor detectors (Si and Ge) for charge particle and photon detection (concept of charge carrier and mobility) qualitative only, Accelerators : Cyclotrons and synchrotrons.
